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利用5个品质亲本与7个农艺亲本杂交组成5×7 NC Ⅱ设计,分析了普通小麦品质及其它农艺性状的杂种优势和配合力,结果表明:1.杂种优势:产量及产量性状具有较大的正向杂种优势。籽粒蛋白含量、面筋含量及沉淀值等品质性状的杂种优势低于产量性状的杂种优势,其中籽粒蛋白含量和面筋含量主要表现负向优势,而沉淀值主要是正向优势。2.配合力:籽粒蛋白质含量、面筋含量、千粒重、株高及有效小穗数主要受基因加性遗传效应影响。沉淀值、单株粒重及单株粒数既受基因加性效应的影响,又受基因非加性效应的影响。亲本的一般配合力效应和组合内双亲的特殊配合力效应因性状不同表现有很大差异,亲本的一般配合力效应同亲本本身的发现没有必然的联系。讨论了配合力在亲本选配中的作用,并对参试亲本进行了评价。
The 5 × 7 NC Ⅱ crosses between 5 quality parents and 7 agronomic parents were used to analyze the heterosis and combining ability of common wheat quality and other agronomic traits. The results showed that: 1. Heterosis: the yield and yield traits had larger The positive heterosis. The heterosis of traits such as grain protein content, gluten content and sedimentation value were lower than the heterosis of yield traits. Grain protein content and gluten content showed negative predominance, but precipitation value was mainly positive predominance. Combining ability: Grain protein content, gluten content, 1000-grain weight, plant height and effective spikelet number were mainly affected by genetic additive genetic effect. The sedimentation value, grain weight per plant and grain number per plant were both affected by gene additive effect and gene non-additive effect. The general combining ability effect of the parents and the special combining ability effect of the parents in the combination vary greatly with different traits. The general combining ability effect of the parents is not necessarily related to the discovery of the parents themselves. The role of combining ability in parental selection was discussed, and the parents of the parents were evaluated.