论文部分内容阅读
在山西太谷枣区对不同间作生境组合类型枣园的节肢动物群落结构特征进行了研究,结果表明,在有杂草的枣园与其他枣园相比,节肢动物的物种数最大(P<0.05),而节肢动物物种的个体数最小(P<0.05),而在单作无杂草的枣园则相反(P<0.05)。植食性类群的物种数和个体数在单作无杂草的枣园显著(P<0.05)大于其间作类型的枣园,而捕食性和寄生性的物种数和个体数则明显(P<0.05)小于其间作类型的枣园,而在有杂草的枣园则相反。枣树与大豆和棉花间作枣园的捕食性和寄生性的物种数和个体数则明显(P<0.05)大于枣树与大豆间作的枣园,而枣树与大豆间作的枣园与单作无杂草枣园的寄生性的物种数和个体数则无明显差异(P>0.05),但捕食性的物种数有大豆的枣园明显(P<0.05)大于单作无杂草枣园,而个体数则无明显差异(P>0.05)。多样性均匀度和相对稳定性指数研究结果表明有杂草的枣园明显(P<0.05)大于单作无杂草枣园,枣树与大豆和棉花间作的枣园明显(P<0.05)大于枣树与大豆间作的枣园,而优势度则相反。研究结果进一步表明,在枣园合理间作多种作物或者适当保留一定的杂草,不仅可以减少天敌昆虫迁出枣园,而且还可以增加枣园天敌的物种数量和节肢动物群落结构的多样性和均匀度,同时还能有效地利用枣园的空间和自然资源,增加单位面积的产量。
The arthropod community structure characteristics of jujube orchards of different intercropping habitats in Taiguzao of Shanxi Province were studied. The results showed that arthropod community characteristics were the highest in jujube garden with weeds compared with other jujube gardens (P < 0.05), while the arthropod species had the smallest number of individuals (P <0.05), while the one without weeds in the jujube orchard was the opposite (P <0.05). The number of species and individuals in the herbivores were significantly (P <0.05) higher than those in the intercropping jujube orchards, while the numbers of predatory and parasitic species and individuals were significant (P <0.05 ) Is less than the type of jujube for the time being, while in the jujube with weeds the opposite. Jujube and soybean and cotton intercropping jujube orchards in the number of predatory and parasitic species and individuals were significantly (P <0.05) than jujube and soybean intercropping jujube, jujube and soybean intercropping jujube and single There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the number of parasitized species and the number of individuals in the non-weed jujube orchards, but the number of predatory species with jujube was significantly higher (P <0.05) The number of individuals was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The results of diversity index and relative stability index showed that the jujube with weed was significantly (P <0.05) larger than the jujube with no weed, the jujube with intercropped with jujube and soybean was significantly larger than the jujube Jujube and soybean between the jujube, while the opposite degree of dominance. The results further show that reasonable intercropping of a variety of crops in jujube or appropriate weeds can not only reduce the natural enemies to move out of jujube, but also increase the number of jujube natural enemies and the diversity of arthropod community structure and Evenness, but also make effective use of the space and natural resources of Zaoyuan to increase the yield per unit area.