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C的离子价电子结构是3d~(10),Cu~2是3d~9;铜的第一电离势和第二电离势分别是7.724伏和20.29伏,因此气态Cu~+应该比气态Cu~2更稳定。那么,在水溶液中为何两者的稳定性顺序颠倒了呢?这一点在文献1中已有说明,原因是标准电极电位不仅取决于电离势,而相应离子所赢得水合自由能对它亦起着重要的贡献,这个结论Hngh D.Burrows~2论述得更为详细,其论证的要点如下: 根据表1数据,作-E~6与对应电离势的关系图,可得n=0、1和2等三条相平行的直
The ionized valence electron structure of C is 3d ~ (10) and Cu ~ 2 is 3d ~ 9. The first ionization potential and the second ionization potential of copper are 7.724 V and 20.29 V, respectively. Therefore, 2 more stable. So why is the order of stability of the two reversed in an aqueous solution? This is explained in reference 1 because the standard electrode potential depends not only on the ionization potential, but also on the free energy that the corresponding ions have gained Important contribution, this conclusion Hngh D. Burrows ~ 2 discussed in more detail, the argument is as follows: According to the data in Table 1, for -E ~ 6 and the corresponding ionization potential of the relationship chart, available n = 0,1 and 2 and other three parallel straight