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预冷型J-T节流制冷机是深空探测普遍采用的制冷机,本文针对本实验室研制的三级脉冲管预冷J-T节流循环的复合式制冷机,对液氦温区J-T节流制冷机进行了系统的热力学分析。通过对理想节流循环的T—s图的分析发现,预冷温度和节流前氦气状态参数是影响节流制冷机性能的关键因素。通过合理选择预冷温度和节流前氦气的温度和压力,可以提高节流循环的制冷量和整机效率。在理论分析基础上,开展了相关的实验研究,实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。
The precooling JT throttling refrigerator is a commonly used cryogenic machine for deep space exploration. In this paper, a three-stage pulse tube precooling JT throttling compound refrigerator developed in our laboratory is used to simulate the JT throttling refrigeration in liquid helium Machine carried out a systematic thermodynamic analysis. Through the analysis of the T-s diagram of the ideal throttling cycle, it is found that the pre-cooling temperature and helium state parameters before throttling are the key factors affecting the performance of the throttling refrigerator. By reasonably selecting the pre-cooling temperature and the helium temperature and pressure before throttling, the cooling capacity and the overall efficiency of the throttling cycle can be increased. On the basis of theoretical analysis, relevant experimental research is carried out, and the experimental results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.