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目的 了解2005-2016年新疆自治区喀什地区布鲁氏菌病发病变化趋势,为进一步做好喀什地区布病防控提供流行病学依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法对2005-2016年喀什地区报告的布病进行流行特征分析。结果 共报告布病767例,年均发病率为1.68/10万,年报告发病率呈逐年升高趋势(Z=29.49,p<0.001)。报告病例数最多的月份主要集中在5-8月份;男性发病高于女性,男女发病率之比为1.81:1,各年龄均有发病,最小发病年龄5月龄,最大发病年龄85岁,中位数为39岁,职业分布以农牧民所占比例最高;2005-2016年报告年平均发病率前五位的县(市)为麦盖提县、岳普湖县、塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县、巴楚县和喀什市,报告病例数前五位的县(市)依次为麦盖提县、巴楚县、岳普湖县、喀什市和伽师县。结论 喀什地区布病发病率逐年升高,尤其是2012-2016年发病率明显升高,需进一步分析喀什地区布病疫情升高原因,进一步加强喀什地区布病的防控。
Objective To understand the trend of brucellosis incidence in Kashgar region in Xinjiang Autonomous Region from 2005 to 2016 and provide epidemiological evidence for further prevention and control of brucellosis in Kashgar region. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis reported in Kashgar region from 2005 to 2016. Results A total of 767 cases of brucellosis were reported, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.68 per 100 000. The annual report rate showed an increasing trend year by year (Z = 29.49, p <0.001). The months with the largest number of reported cases mainly concentrated in May-August. The incidence of males was higher than that of females, the incidence of males and females was 1.81: 1, with onset at any age, the minimum age of onset was 5 months and the maximum age at onset was 85 years The median is 39; the occupational distribution is the highest among peasants and herdsmen; the top 5 counties (cities) in the reporting year of 2005-2016 are Maigeiti County, Yuepuhu County, Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County, Chu County and Kashgar City. The top five counties (cities) in the reported cases were Maitai County, Bachu County, Yuepuhu County, Kashgar City and Jiashi County in turn. Conclusion The prevalence of brucellosis in Kashgar region has been increasing year by year. Especially in 2012-2016, the incidence rate of brucellosis increased significantly. It is necessary to further analyze the reasons for the increase of brucellosis in Kashgar region and further strengthen the prevention and control of brucellosis in Kashgar region.