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目的确定湿热环境下不同作业强度时的平均体温上限,用以保证作业安全。方法从576名受试者中筛选30名男性志愿者为受试者,年龄18～23岁,经体检和体能测试合格。每次训练前后测量体温度相关指标(包括皮肤5点温度、肛温以及由此计算出的平均体温)。与文献报道对比,确定其符合度。通过多元回归方程分析建立相关模型,并对模型进行点估计。结果 (1)受试者平均体温超过文献报道的例数占受试者的35.83%,符合度较低。(2)平均体温y^与环境的温度X1、湿度X2,以及劳动作业强度X3有关。其回归方程为y^=14.247 68+0.604 67X1-0.018 29X2+0.343 53X3,按照相关点估计的计算后形成查表。(3)使用动态耐热上限指标后,在441例次的温度指标中,平均体温超过动态上限的例数在11例次,占全部的2.49%。结论湿热环境下人体的平均体温和环境温度、湿度、作业强度均有关,在这一基础上按照点估计计算得到的动态上限值表,具有保证作业安全的意义。
Objective To determine the upper limit of average temperature of different work intensity in hot and humid environment to ensure the safety of operation. Methods A total of 30 male volunteers from 576 subjects were selected as subjects, aged from 18 to 23 years old and passed the physical examination and physical fitness test. Body temperature before and after each measure the relevant indicators (including skin 5:00 temperature, rectal temperature and the average body temperature calculated). Compared with the literature, to determine its compliance. Through multiple regression equation analysis to establish the relevant model, and the model point estimation. Results (1) Subjects average body temperature exceeded the reported number of cases accounted for 35.83% of the subjects, the lower the degree of agreement. (2) The average body temperature y ^ and the ambient temperature X1, humidity X2, and labor intensity X3. The regression equation is y ^ = 14.247 68 + 0.604 67X1-0.018 29X2 + 0.343 53X3, according to the calculation of the correlation point to form a look-up table. (3) After using the dynamic upper limit of heat-resistant index, among the 441 sub-indexes of temperature, the average body temperature exceeded the dynamic upper limit in 11 cases, accounting for 2.49% of the total. Conclusion The body temperature in the hot and humid environment and the ambient temperature, humidity, operating intensity are related to this on the basis of point estimates of the dynamic upper limit of the table, with the significance of ensuring operational safety.