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亚洲一些沿海城市正面临越来越严重的水荒。其中曼谷、雅加达、马尼拉、达卡、孟买、加尔各答、上海缺水问题最为严重。专家们认为,造成这些城市用水危机的原因主要有两个:一是不断膨胀的人口对水资源的需求,二是水源的污染。在曼谷每年所抽出的地下水比还原的水多。海水渗进地下水层真空部分,使地下水盐化严重。在雅加达,80％的水来源于地下水,但市区的井水受到严重盐化。距海岸12公里的陆地上,研究人员发现盐水已渗入水库的第一水位。距雅加达海岸5公里处污染已达水库的第二水位。马尼拉的人口近似雅加达和曼谷。目前,该市正在努力减少对地下水的依赖,实行供水配给制,在
Some coastal cities in Asia are facing more and more serious water shortages. Among them, Bangkok, Jakarta, Manila, Dhaka, Mumbai, Kolkata and Shanghai have the worst water shortages. Experts believe there are two main reasons for the water crisis in these cities: the demand for water from the expanding population and the pollution from water sources. The annual groundwater extracted in Bangkok is more than the reduced water. Seawater seepage into the vacuum part of the groundwater, groundwater salinization serious. In Jakarta, 80% of the water comes from groundwater, but well water in urban areas is severely salinated. On land 12 kilometers from the coast, researchers found that salt water had penetrated into the reservoir’s first level. Five kilometers from the coast of Jakarta, pollution has reached the second level of the reservoir. The population of Manila is about Jakarta and Bangkok. At present, the city is working hard to reduce its dependence on groundwater and to implement the system of water supply