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利用PCR-DGGE和克隆测序技术,分别对未开发油田、气田和非油气田对照区域,地表30、60、100、150、200 cm深度的土壤微生物分布进行研究,目的在于了解未开发油气田区域土壤微生物的分布特征,寻找潜在的油气资源指示菌.结果表明,不同深度土壤样品间的菌群相似度很低(26～69.9).在150 cm和200 cm处,DGGE图谱具有更好的丰富度(≥19)、多样性(≥2.69)和均匀度(≥0.90).油田区域富含γ-Proteobacteria(75%),此外还包括α-Proteobacteria、Actinobacteria、Acidobacteria,其相似菌株主要为石油相关菌和烃降解菌,如食烷菌、噬甲基菌.气田含有α、β、γ、δ-Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes,γ-Proteobacteria含量较小(24%),所获16S rDNA条带相似菌株大多不具有烃降解能力,部分具有甲烷相关性,如甲基孢囊菌.在此类研究中,150 cm、200 cm更适于作为统一取样深度进行大范围取样调查;甲基孢囊菌可用来作为潜在的气田指示菌,食烷菌和噬甲基菌可作为潜在的油田指示菌,但仍需进一步地大范围取样验证.
By using PCR-DGGE and cloning sequencing techniques, the distribution of soil microorganisms in the undeveloped oilfield, gas field and non-oil-gas field control areas at the surface depths of 30, 60, 100, 150 and 200 cm were studied respectively with the purpose of understanding the soil microbial And the potential indicator of oil and gas resources was found.The results showed that the microbiota similarity of soil samples at different depths was very low (26-69.9), and the DGGE patterns had a better abundance at 150 cm and 200 cm ≥19), diversity (≥2.69) and evenness (≥0.90) .They are rich in γ-Proteobacteria (75%) and α-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. The similar strains are mainly oil- Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, such as Alcalase and Methotrepia, did not contain α, β, γ, δ-Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes and γ-Proteobacteria in gas field (24%), In some studies, 150 cm and 200 cm are more suitable for large-scale sampling surveys as uniform sampling depths; Methylosporangium can be used as a potential The gas Indicator bacteria, bacteria and food alkoxy bite methylotrophus as a potential oil field indicator bacteria, but further large sampling range validation.