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地球大气圈和水圈互相渗透、互相影响,结为一对密不可分的自然系统。大气中所产生的冷、热、干、湿、风、云、雨、雪、霜、雾、雷、电等现象,无一不对地球水文状况产生直接间接的影响。大气现象、水文状况超过人类所能忍受的程度,突破临界限度,便成为灾害,构成统一的气象水文灾害系统——这个地球上最庞大的自然灾害系统。气象水文灾害可分水灾、旱灾、风灾、冰雪雹雷
The Earth’s atmosphere and hydrosphere infiltrate and interact with each other and become a pair of natural systems inseparable from each other. The phenomena of cold, heat, dryness, wetness, wind, cloud, rain, snow, frost, fog, thunder and electricity in the atmosphere all have a direct and indirect impact on the hydrological conditions of the earth. Atmospheric phenomena and hydrological conditions exceed the limits that humankind can endure. Breaking the critical limits will become a disaster and form a unified meteorological and hydrological disaster system - the largest natural disaster system on Earth. Meteorological and hydrological disasters can be divided floods, drought, wind disaster, ice and hail thunder