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目的研究中国22个省市自治区9类食品中分离的单核细胞增生李斯特菌的耐药特征。方法采用微量肉汤稀释法测定了1 069株单核细胞增生李斯特菌对庆大霉素、氨苄西林、青霉素、四环素、强力霉素、亚胺培南、红霉素、环丙沙星、左旋氧氟沙星、头孢噻吩、利福平、万古霉素、氯霉素、氨苄西林/舒巴坦酸和复方新诺明15种抗生素的耐药性。结果 1 069株单核细胞增生李斯特菌耐药率为6.92%,主要耐受的抗生素有四环素、强力霉素、红霉素、氯霉素和环丙沙星,并出现了多重耐药株。在不同食品来源中,分离自速冻米面制品的菌株耐药率最高,为9.64%。在22个省市自治区中,耐药率前3位的是:甘肃、吉林、福建,分别为27.3%、20.4%和17.4%。结论中国食源性单核细胞增生李斯特菌的耐药率较低,不同地区、不同食物来源耐药率差异较大,仍要加强对生产和临床使用抗生素的管理,减缓单核细胞增生李斯特菌耐药趋势的上升。
Objective To study the drug resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from 9 kinds of food in 22 provinces in China. Methods A total of 1 069 Listeria monocytogenes strains of gentamicin, ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, doxycycline, imipenem, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, cefalotin, rifampicin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin / sulbactam and cotrimoxazole 15 antibiotic resistance. Results The resistance rate of 1 069 Listeria monocytogenes was 6.92%. The main antibiotics were tetracycline, doxycycline, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin, and the multi-resistant strains . Among different food sources, strains isolated from frozen rice products had the highest rate of 9.64%. Among the 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, the top three drug resistance rates are: Gansu, Jilin and Fujian, with 27.3%, 20.4% and 17.4% respectively. Conclusions The resistance rate of Listeria monocytogenes in China is relatively low, and the rates of drug resistance in different regions and different food sources are quite different. Therefore, it is still necessary to strengthen the management of antibiotics production and clinical use and slow down the proliferation of Listeria monocytogenes The trend of bacterial resistance increased.