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北魏时期,佛教流播甚广,寺院之兴盛,僧侣之众多,“自中国之有佛法,未之有世。”寺院不仅是宗教场所,而且直接占有土地和劳动力,成为封建经济组织。随着寺院经济的发展,形成了一批僧侣大地主,他们不仅对广大人民进行欺诈剥削,而且残酷地奴役下层僧侣,寺院内部同样存在着尖锐的阶级对抗。终北魏一代,僧侣起义此起彼伏,接连不断,对北魏社会产生了深刻影响。但是,解放以来史学界对此问题却极少注目,专门的论述似尚未见,偶有提及,也是寥寥数言,十分简略,因此,笔者准备对此问题作些初步探讨,以补阙漏,不当之处,请同志们批评、指正。
During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Buddhism spread widely, the prosperity of monasteries, and the monks were numerous. “Buddhism has its origins in China.” The temple is not only a religious site, but also directly occupies land and labor and becomes a feudal economic organization. Along with the economic development in the monastery, a group of monks and great landlords were formed. They not only carried out fraudulent exploitation on the vast majority of the people, but also brutally enslaved the lower monks. There was also sharp class antagonism in the monastery. The Northern Wei Dynasty, the monks uprising one after another, one after another, had a profound impact on the Northern Wei Dynasty society. However, historians in the history of liberation have seldom paid attention to this issue. Although the special discourse has not been seen yet, it is only a few words that are mentioned occasionally. It is very brief, therefore, the author is going to make some preliminary discussions on this issue so as to make up for the deficiencies , Inappropriate, please comrades criticism, correct.