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目的：为了解支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中Ｔ辅助细胞（ＴＨ）亚群功能在哮喘、慢性支气管炎（ＣＢ）和过敏性肺炎（ＨＰ）中的差异。方法：分别对哮喘、ＣＢ和ＨＰ患者及正常健康者各１０例的ＢＡＬＦ中经植物血凝素（ＰＨＡ）刺激培养后的淋巴细胞上清液中的白细胞介素（ＩＬ）－４和γ－干扰素（ＩＦＮ－γ）进行了测定。结果：哮喘组的ＩＬ－４水平不但明显高于对照组也明显高于ＣＢ组及ＨＰ组（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；ＣＢ组和ＨＰ组的ＩＬ－４均低于对照组（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；哮喘组ＩＦＮ－γ水平不但明显低于对照组，也明显低于ＣＢ组和ＨＰ组（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；ＣＢ组和ＨＰ组ＩＦＮ－γ均明显高于对照组（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。结论：哮喘患者生成ＴＨ１类因子不足ＴＨ２类因子增多，而ＣＢ与ＨＰ患者则反之，提示哮喘气道炎症类型与ＣＢ和ＨＰ的炎症类型在免疫学改变上存在明显差别。
PURPOSE: To understand the differences in T helper (TH) subsets in asthma, chronic bronchitis (CB) and atopic pneumonia (HP) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Methods: The levels of interleukin (IL) -4 and gamma-actin in supernatant of lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in 10 BALF of asthmatic subjects, CB and HP patients, Interferon (IFN-γ) was measured. Results: The level of IL-4 in asthma group was significantly higher than that in CB group and HP group (all P <0.01), IL-4 in CB group and HP group was lower than that in control group <0.01). The levels of IFN-γ in asthma group were significantly lower than those in control group and also significantly lower than those in CB group and HP group (all P <0.01), while those in CB group and HP group were significantly higher than those in control group Group (all P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: TH2-deficient TH2-like factors are present in patients with asthma but not in patients with CB and HP, suggesting that there is a significant difference in the immunological changes between the types of airway inflammation in asthma and those in CB and HP.