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萘啶酸于1962年合成,1964年用于临床治疗尿路感染。因其抗菌作用有限,加上不同个体口服后血药浓度变异明显,因此未用于其他部位的感染。虽然病人尿液中的萘啶酸浓度远远高于抑制大多数尿路感染病原体所属的水平,但治疗过程中会发生选择性耐药突变,这样使许多临床医生选用就受到限制。萘啶酸是萘啶类药物的第一个品种。萘啶分子上的氮被置换后,在8位上加一个碳原子而产生了喹诺酮类药物,恶啶酸是第一个品种。简而言之,萘啶类与喹诺酮类常归诸为喹诺酮类药物。氟喹诺酮类的出现显示出开发喹诺酮类抗菌药的一个显著进展。氟喹诺酮类具有喹诺酮类药物的基本结构,但在6位上连接了氟原子,在7位上接上了哌
Nalidixic acid was synthesized in 1962, 1964 for the clinical treatment of urinary tract infections. Because of its limited antibacterial effect, coupled with different individual oral plasma concentration variation significantly, it has not been used for other parts of the infection. Although nalidixic acid concentrations in the urine of patients are much higher than those that suppress most of the urinary tract infection pathogens, selective resistance mutations occur during the course of treatment, which limits the choice of many clinicians. Nalidixic acid is the first variety of naphthyridine drugs. After the nitrogen on the naphthyridine molecule was replaced, a quinolone drug was produced by adding a carbon atom to the 8-position, with niacin being the first species. In short, naphthyridine and quinolones are often classified as quinolones. The emergence of fluoroquinolones has shown a significant advance in the development of quinolone antibacterials. Fluoroquinolones have quinolones basic structure, but in the 6 position connected to a fluorine atom, connected to the 7-position of piperazine