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按照“铁路桥涵设计规范”的规定,墩身必须验算偏心及应力,以保证其稳定和强度。这两项验算工作,对于均匀截面的桥墩(即墩身上下一般粗),其最弱截面一般都是墩底截面,故只须计算墩底截面就行了。但对于非均匀截面的桥墩(即墩身上细下粗),计算就比较麻烦。目前一般都采用均分法进行计算。即将墩身全高分成若干等分(例如2m或3m一等分),每个等分点就是一个计算截面,通过计算,从中找出最弱截面,以控制设计。如果墩身比较高,计算截面就比较多,计算起来就更为麻烦。在墩身各截面的偏心和应力中必定有一个(有时是两个)极大值(对于混凝土压应力来说就
In accordance with the “Design Specification for Bridges and Culverts of Railway”, the pier body must be checked for eccentricity and stress so as to ensure its stability and strength. These two checking work, for the uniform cross-section of the pier (ie, up and down the pier body generally rough), the weakest cross-section of the pier are generally cross-section, so only the calculation of pier cross-section on the line. But for non-uniform cross-section of the pier (ie pier body rough down), the calculation is more trouble. At present, the average method is used to calculate. The piers will be divided into several equal parts (for example, 2m or 3m), each of which is a calculated cross section. From this calculation, the weakest cross section is found to control the design. If the pier body is relatively high, the calculated cross section is more calculated is even more troublesome. There must be one (sometimes two) maxima in the eccentricity and stress of the sections of the pier body (for concrete compressive stresses