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雷雨是一种对国民经济活动和生活影响很大的天气现象。它往往带来许多有危险性的天气,例如大风、暴雨、冰雹、龙卷风等等,而雷雨的雷电活动也是为害很多的。例如雷击不但威胁到人身安全,而且对电力网的输电线造成巨大损失,落雷着火也常常引起森林的火灾。即使在空中的雷电对航空活动也是一个很大的妨碍。此外,无线电通信也常常受到雷电产生的干扰。因此雷电活动的预报和探测往往是很重要的任务。如果由一个仪器在某个地点能够很快地定出300—500公里以内是否有雷暴活动,显然对于气象台的短期预报是很有用的。到现在为止,雷电活动的预报主要是靠雷雨的预报来解决的。近年来我国的天气预
Thunderstorm is a weather phenomenon that has a great influence on the economic activities and life of the people. It often brings many dangerous weather, such as gale, heavy rain, hail, tornado and so on, and lightning thunder and lightning activities are also much more harmful. For example, lightning strikes not only threaten personal safety, but also cause huge losses to transmission lines in the power grid. Fires caused by lightning strikes often cause forest fires. Even lightning in the air is a major hurdle to aviation activity. In addition, radio communications are often subject to interference from lightning. Therefore, the forecast and detection of lightning activities are often very important tasks. If an instrument can quickly determine whether there is a thunderstorm within 300-500 km at a certain location, it is clear that it is useful for the short-term forecast of the weather station. Until now, the forecast of thunder and lightning activity has mainly been solved by the forecast of thunderstorms. In recent years, the weather in our country