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目的了解北京市原宣武区输入性疟疾的流行特征,为消除疟疾工作提供参考。方法对2005—2014年国家传染病报告信息系统中原北京市宣武区报告的疟疾病例信息进行三间分布等描述流行病学分析。结果 2005—2014年原北京市宣武区共报告输入性疟疾病例336例,其中非洲输入病例占92.26%。本市住址的输入病例165例,占49.11%;外地来京就诊171例,占50.89%。本市住址输入病例主要分布在朝阳区和海淀区,外地来京就诊病例主要来自河北省。全年各月均有病例报告,7一11月病例数占54.17%。发病年龄20~59岁占94.34%,男、女性别比为10.2:1,以干部职员、工人、农民居多。336例输入性疟疾病例中,实验室诊断311例(92.56%),临床诊断病例21例(6.25%),疑似病例4例(1.19%);恶性疟占全部病例的65.18%;75.30%的病例在发病后10 d内诊断。结论2005—2014年上报的336例输入性疟疾病例,以非洲输入的恶性疟为主,应加强输入病例监测、实验室诊断、健康教育、医师培训等综合性防控措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Xuanwu District, Beijing, and provide a reference for eliminating malaria. Methods Epidemiological analysis of malaria cases reported in Xuanwu District of Beijing from 2005 to 2014 in the national infectious disease reporting information system was conducted. Results A total of 336 cases of imported malaria were reported in Xuanwu District of Beijing from 2005 to 2014, of which 92.26% were imported from Africa. The city’s address input cases 165 cases, accounting for 49.11%; 171 cases of visits to Beijing, accounting for 50.89%. Enter the city address cases are mainly distributed in Chaoyang District and Haidian District, mainly to visit Beijing from Hebei Province. There are case reports throughout the year, accounting for 54.17% of the cases in July-November. The age of onset of 20 to 59 years old accounted for 94.34%, male and female ratio was 10.2: 1, with cadres and staff, workers, peasants mostly. Of the 336 imported cases of malaria, 311 (92.56%) were laboratory diagnosed, 21 (6.25%) were clinically diagnosed, 4 (1.19%) were suspected, and P. falciparum accounted for 65.18% of all cases and 75.30% Diagnosed within 10 days after onset. Conclusions A total of 336 cases of imported malaria reported in 2005-2014 are dominated by falciparum malaria imported from Africa. Comprehensive prevention and control measures such as case monitoring, laboratory diagnosis, health education and physician training should be strengthened.