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从长江中、下游的江苏省丹徒区和邗江区、浙江省平湖市、湖北省武昌区、江西省余干县和彭泽县、安徽省安庆市和贵池区等5个血吸虫病流行省8个点现场采集湖北钉螺样本,提取基因组DNA、PCR特异性扩增线粒体DNA细胞色素C氧化酶亚单位1(COⅠ)基因,用ClustalX 1.81软件进行多序列比对,MEGA 4.0软件中的Kimura双参数法(Kimura 2-parameter)计算遗传距离,邻接法(NJ)和最大简约法(MP)构建系统发生树。8个地理株湖北钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)共得到701个同源位点,A/T(60.4%)含量高于C/G(39.6%),所有序列间的平均遗传距离为0.025。进化树显示,江苏丹徒、湖北武昌、江西余干及安徽安庆和贵池5个地理株钉螺形成一个分支,而浙江平湖、江苏邗江和江西彭泽3个地理株钉螺形成另一个分支;但两种方法构建的系统发生树存在差异。长江中下游地区湖北钉螺线粒体COⅠ基因遗传变异显著。
Five schistosomiasis endemic provinces, including Dantu District and Qijiang District of Jiangsu Province in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Pinghu City in Zhejiang Province, Wuchang District in Hubei Province, Yugan County and Pengze County in Jiangxi Province, Anqing City in Anhui Province and Guichi District in Anhui Province, Eight snakes were collected on site and genomic DNA was extracted. PCR was used to amplify mitochondrial DNA cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COⅠ) gene. Multiple alignment was performed with ClustalX 1.81 software. In the MEGA 4.0 software, The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Kimura 2-parameter calculation of genetic distance, adjoining method (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP). A total of 701 homologous sites were found in 8 populations of Oncomelania hupensis. The content of A / T (60.4%) was higher than that of C / G (39.6%). The average genetic distance between all the sequences was 0.025. Phylogenetic trees showed that snails of Dantu from Jiangsu Province, Wuchang in Hubei Province, Yugan in Jiangxi Province and Anqing in Anhui Province and Guichi in Anhui Province formed a branch, while three species of Oncomelania in Pinghu, Jiangsu Province and Pengze in Jiangsu Province formed another branch; however, There are differences between the phylogenetic trees constructed by the two methods. Genetic Variation of Mitochondrial CO Ⅰ Gene in Snails in Hubei Province in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River.