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目的了解金黄色葡萄球菌在下呼吸道感染患儿痰液中的分离率及其对常用抗菌药物的敏感情况。方法对连续12个月中的下呼吸道感染患儿常规进行深部痰培养,用细菌自动鉴定系统Vitek-60进行菌株鉴定和抗菌药物敏感试验。结果分离到金黄色葡萄球菌89株,占总病例数的2.1%,在病原菌阳性的病例中占7.54%。96.63%的菌株对青霉素耐药,但耐苯唑西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)仅占4.50%。98.88%和100%的菌株分别对利福平和万古霉素敏感,对头孢唑啉、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、复方新诺明和林可霉素等常用抗菌药物的敏感率分别为94.38%、95.50%、95·51%、89·89%、85·39%和83.15%的菌株对红霉素耐药。结论儿童MRSA菌株发生率较低,对多数常用抗菌药物仍敏感:苯唑西林等耐酶青霉素是治疗小儿金葡萄感染的有效药物。
Objective To understand the isolation rate of Staphylococcus aureus in sputum from children with lower respiratory tract infection and its sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics. Methods The children with lower respiratory tract infection were routinely cultured in deep sputum for 12 months. The strain Vitek-60 was used to identify the strain and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Results Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 89 strains, accounting for 2.1% of the total number of cases and accounting for 7.54% of the positive cases. 96.63% of strains were resistant to penicillin, but only 4.5% of those resistant to oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 98.88% and 100% strains were sensitive to rifampicin and vancomycin respectively. Commonly used for cefazolin, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, cotrimoxazole and lincomycin The susceptibilities of antibacterials were 94.38%, 95.50%, 95.51%, 89.89%, 85.39% and 83.15%, respectively. Conclusions The incidence of MRSA strains in children is relatively low, and is still sensitive to most commonly used antibiotics: penicillin-resistant oxacillin is an effective drug for the treatment of children’s golden grape infection.