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表示时间历程,汉语里有两种方式:一种是在谓语的前面加上表时副词,另一种是在谓语的后面加上表示‘行态’(Aspect)的词。‘行态’又可分为三组:一组是用‘着’和‘了’;一组是把谓语重叠,或加表动量的‘一’字;一组是借用表行走的动词。最後一组所指的动词是这三个:‘起来’‘下去’‘下来’。这三个词恰巧把历程三分:‘起来’是由起点进行,可以称为‘起行’;‘下去’是由中途继续,可以称为‘继行’;‘下来’是达到历程终点而停止,可以称为‘终行’;它们是銜接起来的三部曲。这种语言心理的表现很有意思,但各书大都只讨论‘起来’和‘下去’不大说到‘下来’,所以这里特别把它提了一提。‘起来’等这种用法,在汉语的发展史上说,都是后起的,其前身大约就是表后果的‘起’‘下’等,‘来’等是后加的。三个之中,‘起来’用得最多,开始使用的时间较早,后两者大概要迟些。王了一先生说:‘“下去”比“起来”更为晚起,因为“红楼攀”里没有发现
There are two ways to represent the time course in Chinese: one is adducing a watch adverb in front of the predicate, and the other is adding a word after the predicate to indicate “Aspect.” 'State of action' can be divided into three groups: one is 'and' and the other is 'one'; the other is a word that overlaps predicates or adds momentum; and a group is a verb that walks on a table. The last group refers to the verbs are these three: 'up' down 'down'. These three words happen to make the journey one-third: 'get up' is from the starting point and can be called 'take off'; 'go on' is to continue on the way, so it can be called 'succession'; 'down' is the end of the journey Stop, can be called the 'end'; they are linked trilogy. This linguistic psychology is very interesting, but most of the books only discuss 'getting up' and 'going down' not to mention 'coming down', so it is mentioned here in particular. The usage of 'get up' and others in the history of the development of Chinese are all retrospective, and their predecessor is the 'next' or 'next' of the table. Among the three, 'get up' is the most used, the time to get started is earlier, and the latter two are probably later. Mr. Wang said: “” go “than ” up “is more late, because ” Red House Pan "did not find