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本文采用Griffing(1956)双列杂交遗传交配设计第一种方案,配制了36个杂交组合,应用配合力分析、相关分析和遗传距离分析等数量遗传学方法,对甘蓝14种数量性状的杂种优势表现进行了研究.结果表明:14个数量性状均具有杂种优势,其中单球重、全株重、净菜率等主要经济性状的杂种优势值较高;14个数量性状中,除紧实度、净菜率2性状外,其余12个性状的F_1值都与双亲的平均值呈显著的正相关;14个数量性状中有10个性状具有明显的细胞质效应;亲本间的遗传距离与杂种优势之门并不是简单的直线关系;只有在一定范围内扩大亲本间的遗传距离,才能增大杂种优势.甘蓝的杂种优势表现与亲本材料的一般配合力无关.试验中还选出几个对甘蓝育种和生产有价值的亲本和杂交组合.
In this paper, the first scheme was designed by using Griffing (1956) double crosses genetic crossover design and 36 hybrid combinations were prepared. Based on quantitative genetics methods such as combining ability analysis, correlation analysis and genetic distance analysis, the heterosis of 14 quantitative characters The results showed that all the 14 quantitative traits had heterosis, of which the major economic traits such as single-ball weight, whole-plant weight and net-vegetable ratio had higher heterosis. In 14 quantitative traits, except the compaction, The F_1 values of the remaining 12 traits were significantly and positively correlated with the average of parents, while 10 of the 14 quantitative traits had obvious cytoplasmic effects. The genetic distance and heterosis of parents Is not a simple linear relationship; only in a certain range to expand the genetic distance between parents in order to increase the heterosis.Because the hybrid performance of cabbage and parents of the general combining ability has nothing to do with the test selected several cabbage breeding and Produce valuable parent and cross combinations.