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基于Fluent 6软件平台,利用Realizablek-ε湍流模型对世博轴大跨膜结构屋面的平均风荷载进行了数值模拟研究。首先,通过与刚性模型测压风洞试验结果的对比,验证了数值模拟计算的有效性。然后,着重研究了周边建筑对膜表面平均风压分布的影响。最后,从数值模拟得到的流场信息分析了周边建筑对膜表面平均风压分布影响的机理。结果表明:周边建筑对膜表面局部风压分布有一定的影响,主要是由于上游建筑的“遮挡”改变了膜表面附近气流的流动状态,使建筑后面区域膜表面局部风压的绝对值有所减小,但随着上游建筑与膜结构之间距离的增大,这种影响逐渐减弱,并且远离上游建筑位置的膜表面风压基本不受影响。
Based on the Fluent 6 software platform, the Realizablek-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the average wind load on the roof of a large-span membrane-spanned roof of Expo Axis. First of all, the validity of the numerical simulation is verified by comparison with the results of the wind tunnel test of the rigid model. Then, we focus on the influence of surrounding buildings on the average wind pressure distribution on the membrane surface. Finally, based on the flow field information obtained from the numerical simulation, the influence of surrounding buildings on the average wind pressure distribution on the membrane surface is analyzed. The results show that the influence of surrounding buildings on the distribution of local wind pressure on the membrane surface is mainly due to the change of the airflow in the vicinity of the membrane surface due to the “shelter” of the upstream structure, and the absolute value of the local wind pressure on the membrane surface in the area behind the building However, with the increase of the distance between the upstream structure and the membrane structure, the influence gradually weakened, and the wind pressure on the membrane surface away from the location of the upstream building was basically unaffected.