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混凝土减水剂是1935年才正式列入近代技术发明行列的。五十年代初,我国开始研制苇浆造纸废液塑化剂获得成功。七十年代初对木质素磺酸钙减水剂进行系统研究并广泛应用,其后陆续研制出多种萘系减水剂及其它高效减水剂。但至今应用规模还不大。1981年我国生产的8200万吨水泥中,掺减水剂者还不到10％。其原因一是减水剂虽然名目繁多,但大都产量小,售价高,货源不稳;二是应用技术研究不够,普及推广差。本文仅就常用的混凝土减水剂性能和施工应用进行阐述。
Concrete water reducer was formally listed as a modern technological invention in 1935. In the early 1950s, China began to develop enamel pulp papermaking plasticizers and achieved success. In the early 1970s, systematic research and extensive application of calcium lignosulfonate superplasticizers, followed by the development of a variety of naphthalene superplasticizers and other superplasticizers. However, the scale of application is still small. Of the 82 million tons of cement produced in China in 1981, less than 10% were blended with water reducing agents. The first reason is that although there are many kinds of superplasticizers, most of them have small output, high selling prices and unstable sources of supply. Second, there is insufficient application technology research and poor popularization and promotion. This article only elaborates on the properties and construction applications of commonly used concrete water-reducing agents.