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目的了解影响广东省婴幼儿体格与智力发育的有关因素,为促进婴幼儿的生长发育提供科学依据。方法抽样调查广东省城市、城镇、农村3844名0～18月龄婴幼儿的体格发育及749名婴儿的智力发育状况及相关因素,对影响婴幼儿体格与智力发育的指标进行多重回归分析。结果校正混杂因素后,婴幼儿的体格发育与他们的出生地、家庭每月总收入、每月食物开支、父亲学历、母乳喂养时间、纯母乳喂养时间、辅食添加时间、蛋和蔬菜摄入量等因素显著相关;婴幼儿的智力发育与他们的出生地、母亲学历、辅食添加的时间以及配方奶、肉、豆、蛋类摄入量等因素显著相关。结论提高经济发展水平、加强营养教育、促进母乳喂养、适时、合理的添加辅食是改善婴幼儿生长发育的重要措施。
Objective To understand the factors affecting the physical and mental development of infants and young children in Guangdong Province and to provide a scientific basis for promoting the growth and development of infants and toddlers. Methods A total of 3844 infants from 0 to 18 months old from urban, rural and urban areas of Guangdong Province were investigated for their physical development and the mental development of 749 infants and related factors. Multiple regression analysis was conducted on the indicators of physical and mental development in infants and young children. Results After adjusting for confounding factors, physical development of infants and toddlers was associated with their place of birth, total family monthly income, monthly food expenses, father’s education, breastfeeding time, exclusive breastfeeding time, complementary feeding time, egg and vegetable intake And other factors were significantly related; infants and young children’s intellectual development and their place of birth, mother’s education, supplementary food added time and formula milk, beans, egg intake and other factors were significantly related. Conclusion It is an important measure to improve the level of economic development, strengthen nutrition education, promote breastfeeding, and timely and reasonable supplementary food supplement is to improve the growth and development of infants.