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防弹衣发展至今已出现了硬体、软件和软硬复合式三种类型,而应用的原料可分为硬质材料和软质材料两种。硬质材料有钢板、钛合金、铝合金板及氧化铝防弹陶瓷等,软质的则多为高分子聚合物,如:芳香族聚酰胺(Aramid)、超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)、高强聚丙烯、尼龙,以及无机纤维如高性能E型、S型、O型玻璃纤维等。设计高性能的防弹衣最关键的一步是确定最佳的防弹材料。高性能纺织纤维在目前国际盛行的软体及软硬复合式防弹衣中发挥着重要的作用。其中,芳香族聚酰胺纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维应用最为广泛。
The development of body armor has so far appeared in hardware, software and hard and soft composite three types, and the application of raw materials can be divided into two kinds of hard materials and soft materials. Hard materials are steel, titanium, aluminum alloy plate and alumina bullet-proof ceramics, soft, mostly high polymer, such as: Aramid, UHMWPE, high strength Polypropylene, nylon, and inorganic fibers such as high-performance E-type, S-type, O-type glass fiber. The most crucial step in designing a high-performance body armor is to determine the best bullet-proof material. High-performance textile fibers in the current international prevalence of software and hard and soft composite body armor plays an important role. Among them, aramid fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is the most widely used.