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水土保持技术对生态脆弱区水土流失治理以及生态文明建设有着重要作用,通过向相关专家咨询并查阅文献,结合对70余年来纸坊沟流域水土流失治理过程的分析,梳理所采用的水土保持技术,明确其所产生的生态经济社会背景。结果表明:水土保持技术包括水土保持工程技术、水土保持耕作技术和水土保持生物技术;在不同的农业生态经济系统发展阶段,因人们的需求及所要解决的核心问题不一致,其水土保持技术种类也有所差异。纸坊沟流域农业生态经济系统耦合过程经历了三个阶段,其中第Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段,主要以水土保持耕作技术为主,满足农民基本生活需求;第Ⅲ阶段综合采用水土保持工程技术、水土保持耕作技术和水土保持生物技术,从根本上解决生态环境问题,调整产业结构。为了加快区域生态文明建设和生态经济社会可持续发展,应更加注重于改善林分结构、提高林草质量、增加生物多样性、提升生态系统功能、促进水土保持生态资源后续产业发展、形成水土保持与农业产业–资源优化耦合等方面的水土保持技术的研发与实施。
Soil and water conservation technologies play an important role in soil and water loss control and ecological civilization construction in ecologically fragile areas. Through consultation with relevant experts and literature review, combined with the analysis of soil and water erosion control processes in the past 50 years in the area, , A clear ecological and socio-economic background. The results showed that: Soil and water conservation technologies include soil and water conservation engineering techniques, soil and water conservation farming techniques and soil and water conservation biotechnology. Due to the inconsistencies in people’s needs and the core issues to be solved in different stages of agricultural eco-economic system development, Differences. The coupling process of agricultural eco-economic system in Zhifanggou watershed has gone through three stages, of which stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ mainly rely on soil and water conservation farming techniques to meet the basic needs of peasants. Stage Ⅲ comprehensively uses soil and water conservation engineering techniques and soil and water conservation Farming techniques and soil and water conservation biotechnology, fundamentally solve the ecological environment problems, adjust the industrial structure. In order to speed up the construction of regional ecological civilization and the sustainable development of eco-economy and society, more attention should be paid to improving the stand structure, raising the quality of forest and grass, increasing biodiversity, enhancing ecosystem functions, and promoting the follow-up industrial development of soil and water conservation ecological resources, R & D and implementation of soil and water conservation technologies in areas such as agricultural industry and resource optimization.