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咽垂体是指位于鼻咽部的一块鞍外垂体组织,它来源干胚胎Rathke氏囊的蒂部。Boyd(1956)研究了50个胎儿标本,发现除一例外均有咽垂体存在。咽垂体长约5mm、宽0.5mm、深0.3mm,位于鼻咽顶部犁骨蝶骨联接后端的粘骨膜下,长轴在正中矢状面上。此组织前端细长且表浅,与鼻咽部粘膜上皮融合在一起。后端扩大,附着于蝶骨体下面的骨膜。其组织学与垂体相似,血管神经供应较为丰富。咽垂体的功能不明确,可能有内分泌作用。有人证明它有催乳激素、生长激素、ACTH和促甲状腺素的分泌。
Pituitary gland is located in the nasopharynx of a saddle pituitary tissue, which stems from the dry embryo Rathke’s sac pedicle. Boyd (1956) studied 50 fetal specimens, with the exception of the pituitary gland found with one exception. Pharyngeal pituitary about 5mm long, 0.5mm wide and 0.3mm deep, located in the top of the nasopharyngeal pterygoid splenic junction of the posterior mucosa, the long axis in the median sagittal plane. The front of this tissue is slender and superficial and fuses with nasopharyngeal mucosal epithelium. The back end is enlarged and attached to the periosteum under the sphenoid body. Its histology and pituitary similar to the supply of vascular nerves is more abundant. Pharyngeal pituitary function is not clear, may have endocrine role. It has been shown that it has prolactin, growth hormone, ACTH and thyroid stimulating hormone secretion.