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目的分析2005—2011年三明市新发尘肺病的发病状况,为制定尘肺病防治措施提供科学依据。方法对2005年1月至2011年12月三明市所诊断的新发尘肺病病种、地区分布、行业分布、企业分布等数据进行统计分析。结果 2005—2011年三明市共诊断新发尘肺病649例,其中,男性644例(99.23%),女性5例(0.77%);包括尘肺壹期500例(77.04%),尘肺贰期111例(17.10%),尘肺叁期38例(5.86%);平均患病年龄(50.98±10.37)岁,接尘工龄中位数为17.25年;尘肺病种类以矽肺和煤工尘肺为主(96.46%);地区分布以永安市和大田县为主(72.11%);行业分布居首位的是煤炭开采和洗选业,其次是公共管理与社会组织等行业,主要工种为采煤工和掘进工。结论三明市2005—2011年尘肺病发病形势严峻,应加强尘肺病防治和监管。防治重点是永安市和大田县的煤炭开采业的采掘工人。
Objective To analyze the incidence of new-onset pneumoconiosis in Sanming City from 2005 to 2011 and provide a scientific basis for the development of pneumoconiosis prevention and control measures. Methods The data of new onset pneumoconiosis, regional distribution, industry distribution and enterprise distribution diagnosed in Sanming from January 2005 to December 2011 were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 649 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases were diagnosed in Sanming City during 2005-2011, including 644 (99.23%) males and 5 females (0.77%) males, including 500 cases of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅰ (77.04%), 111 cases of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅱ (17.10%), pneumoconiosis 38 cases (5.86%), mean age at onset (50.98 ± 10.37) years old, the median age of dust-receiving work was 17.25 years. The main types of pneumoconiosis were silicosis and coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (96.46% ); The distribution in Yongan city and Datian county is the main (72.11%); the coal industry is the top one in coal mining and dressing industry, followed by public management and social organization. The main types of work are coal miners and excavators . Conclusion The incidence of pneumoconiosis in Sanming City is very serious from 2005 to 2011, and the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis should be strengthened. The focus of prevention and control is the extractive workers in the coal mining industry in Yongan City and Daejeon.