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在明代的市民小说如《金瓶梅》、“三言”、“二拍”中出现了一大批新的商贾形 象。对这些商贾形象的阐释和评价成为文学史乃至文化史研究中一个不容忽 略的课题。仅仅从道德褒贬的角度来评判这些商贾形象是显然不够的。他们 身上映现着 １６世纪社会转型时期中国商人的心态，诸如富贵由天的时运观、 根深蒂固的崇官心理以及纵情享乐的人生态度等等。应肩负的历史使命和所 具有的文化心态的错位，乃是当时中国商人的致命弱点。
In the Ming Dynasty citizen novel such as “Jin Ping Mei”, “Sanyan”, “two shots” appeared in a large number of new merchants image. The interpretation and evaluation of the images of these merchants has become an indispensable issue in the study of literary history and even cultural history. It is obviously not enough to judge the image of these businessmen just from the perspective of morals. They reflect the mentality of Chinese businessmen during the social transformation of the 16th century, such as the concept of fortune and fortune, the deep-rooted sense of patriotism and the attitude of indulging in enjoyment. The misplacement of historical mission and cultural mentality that should be shouldered was the fatal weakness of Chinese businessmen at the time.