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软岩种类很多,有一类软岩在巷道开挖后,围岩变形随时间增加而增加,开始围岩位移增加很快,以后逐渐变成长期缓慢的位移。例如金川有色公司二矿区30行两付井1150米中段调车场绕道开挖四年之久变形仍在继续。在这类岩石中开挖的巷道、通常压力和位移都非常大、支护相当困难。典型位移时间曲线见图1。这类软岩地压最显著特点是:采用柔性支护
There are many types of soft rocks. After a type of soft rock is excavated in a roadway, the deformation of surrounding rock increases with time. At the beginning, the displacement of surrounding rock increases rapidly and gradually becomes a long-term slow displacement. For example Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Second Mine 30 lines two wells 1150 meters shunting excavation four years of excavation deformation continues. Roadways excavated in such rocks usually have very large pressures and displacements and support is rather difficult. Typical displacement time curve shown in Figure 1. The most obvious feature of this type of soft rock pressure is: the use of flexible support