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法国的符号学研究,是世界范围内符号学研究的一支劲旅。法国符号学,可分为在semiologie名下的“结构论符号学”和在semiotique名下的“巴黎符号学学派”(Ecole de Paris)。前者的定名早于后者,而结构语言学传统是它们的共同发源地,只是两者各自的依据和侧重点有所不同。如今,巴黎符号学学派已经成为法国符号学研究的主流,大有盖过结构论符号学之势。本文拟尝试梳理瑞士语言学家saussure、丹麦语言学家Hjelmslev和法国语言学家Benveniste的相关理论对于以Greimas为核心的巴黎符号学学派在构建自己的理论与实践过程中所产生的影响,突出其作为该学派形成与发展的语言学之基础,并历时性地显示它们之间的承袭关系与随后的理论突破。
French semiotics research is a powerful study of semiology in the world. French semiotics can be categorized as “semiotics of structuralism ” under the name semiologie and “Ecole de Paris ” under semiotique. The former is named earlier than the latter, while the tradition of structural linguistics is their common birthplace, but their respective bases and priorities are different. Today, the Paris semiotics school has become the mainstream of the French semiotics research, greatly covered by the semiotics of structuralism. This article attempts to sort out the influence of the Swiss linguist saussure, the Danish linguist Hjelmslev and the French linguist Benveniste on the construction of his own theory and practice by the Greimas-centered school of semiotics As the basis for the linguistics of the formation and development of the school, and diachronic display of the succession relations and subsequent theoretical breakthroughs among them.