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股东的优先购买权是指有限责任公司的股东对外转让其部分或全部股份时,在同等条件下,其他股东对该股权享有优先于公司外第三人的购买权利。在优先购买权行使过程中,经常会出现在出卖人、第三人、优先权人之间成立两个合同,形成在同一股权之上的“一股二卖”的情况。如何在这种情况下确定股东与第三人之间合同的效力,在学界还是在实践中都存在着很多争议,为了帮助法官和当事人解决这一问题,2015年最高院关于适用《中华人民共和国公司法》若干问题的规定(四)(征求意见稿)(以下简称《征求意见稿》)对该制度进行了规定。但规定仍存在许多问题。
The preemptive right of a shareholder means that when a shareholder of a limited liability company transfers some or all of its shares externally, under the same conditions, other shareholders shall have the right to buy the shares over a third party outside the company. During the exercise of the right of first refusal, it is often the case that two contracts are set up between the seller, the third party and the priority right to form “one share and two sales” above the same ownership. How to determine the effectiveness of the contract between the shareholders and the third party under such circumstances, there is a lot of controversy in academia and in practice. To help the judges and the parties solve this problem, in 2015, the Supreme Court decided to apply the “People’s Republic of China The Company Law ”(IV) (Draft for Soliciting Opinions) (hereinafter referred to as the Draft for Soliciting Opinions) stipulated the system. However, there are still many problems.