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直到不久前,至少在改革以前,在苏联的学术著作、教学和宣传材料中,强调的是两个经济体系的差别,每一个体系似乎都按照自己固有的特殊规律发展,实际上是按“我们”完全不像“他们”那样的原则发展。确实,许多东西过去和现在都“完全不是那样”发展。但这种发展不是有利于我们。很自然地产生一个问题:为什么不利于我们?为什么尽管所有制形式发生了根本变化而我们还不能取得某种经济优势?用革命前俄国的落后性,第一次世界大战、国内战争和卫国战争中遭受了巨大的物质损失和不可弥补的人员损失为理由来说明这个问题,无疑是正确的。但这已经明显不够了,而
Until recently, at least before the reforms, in Soviet academic writings, teaching and promotional materials, differences between the two economies were emphasized, each of which appeared to have evolved in accordance with its own peculiar laws and laws, We “completely unlike ” them “that principle of development. Indeed, many things have evolved in the past and now, ”not at all." But this development is not in the interest of us. It is natural to have a question: why does not help us? Why we can not achieve some economic superiority even though the fundamental changes in the form of ownership have taken place? With the backwardness of the pre-revolutionary Russia, the First World War, the Civil War and the Patriotic War It is undoubtedly correct to explain this issue on the ground that it suffered tremendous material losses and irreparable loss of personnel. But this is obviously not enough, however