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采用学习与再认测验范式,研究儿童数字编码与提取的神经机制。18名12-13岁儿童作为研究被试,要求在测验阶段对数字是否学过进行判断,并记录编码与提取阶段的ERPs,然后考察旧数字是否成功提取在编码阶段形成相应的相继记忆(Dm)效应,同时,考察正确判断的旧数字和新数字在提取阶段形成相应的旧/新(old/new)效应。结果表明,编码阶段,Dm效应出现在400-700ms的枕区、顶区和中央区,正确再认数字的正波波幅明显大于再认错误数字的正波波幅;提取阶段,在400-500ms,枕区和顶区存在显著的old/new效应,在500-700 ms内的顶区和中央区存在显著的old/new效应,尤以中央区为主,正确再认旧数字的正波波幅明显大于正确再认新数字的正波波幅。这些结果说明,认知数字与面孔、图片的Dm效应和old/new效应在时、空均有所不同。
Adopting the learning and recognition paradigm to study the neural mechanism of children’s digital encoding and extraction. Eighteen 12-13-year-old children as research subjects asked to judge whether the number was learned during the test phase and recorded the ERPs during the coding and extraction stages. Then they examined whether the old numbers were successfully extracted and formed the corresponding sequential memory (Dm ) Effect. Meanwhile, the old numbers and new numbers that are correctly judged by the investigation form a corresponding old / new effect during the extraction phase. The results show that in the encoding stage, the Dm effect appears in the occipital region, the apical region and the central region of 400-700 ms. The positive sign amplitude of the correctly recognized digital sign is obviously larger than the positive sign amplitude of the incorrect number. In the extraction stage, There is a significant old / new effect in the occipital region and the apical region, with a significant old / new effect in the top and middle regions within 500-700 ms, especially in the central region, with correct positive sign Greater than the correct recognition of the new digital positive wave amplitude. These results show that the Dm effect and the old / new effect of cognitive figures and faces, pictures are different in time and space.