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应用传统统计,并采用地理信息系统(GIS)与地统计学相结合的方法,初步研究了密云水库一级保护区0~20 cm、20~40cm、40~60 cm耕层和亚耕层土壤pH值、有机质、全磷、有效磷、硝态氮、全钾、速效钾等养分要素的空间分布规律及其影响因素,结果表明:密云水源一级保护区耕层、亚耕层土壤养分含量均在中等及以下水平,土壤速效养分含量变异系数较高、半方差函数分析变程较小,不同样点速效养分含量差异较大,随机因素如施肥对耕层速效养分含量的影响较大,而结构因素对耕层全量养分的影响较大;采用Kriging最优内插法得到了一级保护区内土壤养分含量的空间分布图,土壤有机质、土壤速效氮磷钾呈现出东高西低的分布格局,并且由西往东呈南北方向的条带型分布,与东北部潮河流域土地利用强度大及土地利用类型有关,其中菜地、大田种植的养分含量明显高于果园、消落地养分含量,更明显高于林地的养分含量,说明,肥料投入是其主要原因,尤其是消落地的化肥投入使得该区域内下层土壤的硝酸盐含量富集,随着水的流动而运移,对地下水和水库水质安全带来潜在危害,在密云水库保护区内农业管理政策、环境保护政策制定实施过程中应引起足够重视。
Based on the traditional statistics and the combination of Geographic Information System (GIS) and geostatistics, the soil types of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm and subsoil soil pH value, organic matter, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium and other nutrients were analyzed. The results showed that the nutrient contents of topsoil and subsoil in Miyun first source protected area Medium and below, the coefficient of variation of soil available nutrient content was higher, the range of variation of semi-variance function was smaller, the content of available nutrient in different samples was quite different, and the effect of random factors such as fertilization on available nutrient content was significant, While the structural factors had a great influence on the total nutrients of the topsoil. The Kriging optimal interpolation method was used to obtain the spatial distribution of soil nutrient content in the first-grade conservation area. The contents of soil organic matter and available N, P, Distribution pattern, and from south to north from west to east of the strip distribution, and the northeastern Chao River basin land use intensity and land use types, including vegetable, field nutrient content was significantly higher than orchards , The nutrient content in the decline and fallout was significantly higher than the nutrient content in the woodland, indicating that the main reason for the input of fertilizers, especially the fertilization of fertilized land, enriched the nitrate content of the lower soil in the region. With the flow of water Migration, potential harm to the water quality and safety of groundwater and reservoirs, due attention should be paid to the implementation of agricultural management policies and environmental protection policies in the Miyun Reservoir Nature Reserve.