论文部分内容阅读
上消化道出血在临床上颇为多见,病死率高达8.0%～13.7%。上消化道出血临床上可分为三种类型:①慢性隐性出血,无明显临床症状,仅粪便潜血阳性。②慢性显性出血,即肉眼能观察到鲜血,咖啡色呕耻物或黑色粪便,临床上无循环障碍史。③急性大量出血,有呕血,黑便或暗红色血便,伴循环障碍和重度贫血,可出现低血压或休克症状,常需紧急处理,如延误诊疗常可导致死亡。近十几年来,由于急症内镜检查,选择性腹腔动脉造影和放射性核素腹部扫描的广泛应用,对常见病因和出血部位一般能迅速作出诊断。 1 上消化道出血的最常见病因
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is quite common in clinical practice, the case fatality rate as high as 8.0% ~ 13.7%. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be divided into three types of clinically: ① chronic occult bleeding, no obvious clinical symptoms, only fecal occult blood positive. ② chronic dominant bleeding, that is, the naked eye can be observed blood, brown shame or black droppings, no clinical history of circulatory disorders. ③ acute massive bleeding, hematemesis, melena or dark red bloody stools, with circulatory disorders and severe anemia, hypotension or shock symptoms may occur, often requiring emergency treatment, such as delays in diagnosis and treatment can often lead to death. In recent decades, due to emergency endoscopy, selective celiac arteriography and radionuclide abdominal scan widely used, common causes and sites of bleeding can generally make a diagnosis quickly. 1 The most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding