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现在,人们在储蓄问题的争论中有一个共同点,即都把储蓄完全看作是消费基金中转化的部分。无论蓄储将来用于购买消费品还是用于投资,其来源都是作为消费基金的个人可支配货币收入,因此,储蓄本质上仍属于消费基金。这种看法在传统体制下是有根据的。但改革以后,个人收入提高,收入分配格局改变,大部分居民的可支配货币收入本身已不再等同于个人消费基金了。再把居民储蓄看成完全来源于个人消费基金,就不符合客观实际了。因为,现在大多数居民的可支配货币收入已包括个人消费基金和生产基金两部分。具体表现在,农民的个人可支配货币收入,在家庭联产承包责任制以后,已分解为三部分:一是转移过来的生产资料价值,用来购买维持简单再生产所需的生产资料;二是
Now people have one thing in common in the debate over savings, where savings are treated entirely as part of the conversion in consumer funds. Regardless of whether the store is to be used for the purchase of consumer goods or for investment, the source is the disposable personal income of the consumer fund, and therefore savings remain essentially consumer funds. This view is based on the traditional system. However, since the reform, personal incomes have increased and the pattern of income distribution has changed. The disposable income of most residents is no longer the same as personal consumption funds. If we look at household savings as a complete source of personal consumption funds, we will not meet the objective reality. Because now most of the disposable income of residents have included personal consumption funds and production funds in two parts. Specifically, peasants’ personal disposable monetary income has been broken down into three parts after the household contract responsibility system: one is the transferred value of the means of production used to buy the means of production needed to maintain a simple reproduction; the other is