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目的评价改水、改厕、以机代牛综合措施控制血吸虫病的效果。方法在湖沼型的贵池、水网型的枞阳和山丘型的桐城血吸虫病流行区各选择自然环境和流行程度相接近的2个行政村, 一个村实施改水、改厕、以机代牛综合治理措施,另一个村实施一般防治措施,比较其控制血吸虫病和其他肠道寄生虫病的效果。结果实施综合治理措施的3个村,2年后贵池和枞阳试验村人群血吸虫感染率分别下降了46．26％、58．95％,桐城试验村2年均未查到粪检阳性病人;其他肠道寄生虫感染率3个试验村分别下降了85．58％、77．36％、68．41％。实施一般防治措施的3个村,2年人群血吸虫感染率贵池试验村上升了19．72％,枞阳试验村下降了27．32％,桐城试验村发现1例新感染病人;其他肠道寄生虫感染率贵池试验村上升了152．17％,桐城试验村下降了30．22％,枞阳试验村下降了55．09％。结论改水、改厕、以机代牛综合措施能有效控制血吸虫病和肠道寄生虫病流行。
Objective To assess the effect of changing water and changing lavatories to control schistosomiasis with integrated measures of machine-made cattle. Methods Two administrative villages with similar natural environment and epidemic degree were selected in Guichi, Hunan Province, Guzhang, a water network of Zongyang and a hill endemic to schistosomiasis. Integrated management measures on behalf of cattle, another village to implement general control measures, compared with its control of schistosomiasis and other intestinal parasitic diseases. Results In the three villages with integrated management measures, the infection rates of schistosomiasis in Guichi and Zongyang experimental villages decreased by 46.26% and 58.95% respectively in two years and that in Tongcheng experimental village for two years were not found in the stool positive patients ; The other three experimental villages with intestinal parasitic infection rate dropped by 85.58%, 77.36% and 68.41% respectively. In the 3 villages with general prevention and control measures, the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Guiyang experimental village increased by 19.72% in 2 years, that in Zongyang experimental village dropped by 27.32%, and 1 case of newly infected patients was found in Tongcheng Experimental Village. The parasitic infection rate of Guichi experimental village rose 152.17%, that of Tongcheng experimental village dropped 30.22%, and that of Zongyang experimental village dropped 55.09%. Conclusions It is feasible to control schistosomiasis and enteric parasitic diseases effectively by changing water and changing lavatories with integrated measures of machine-made cattle.