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亚 洲地区的技术进步已经令世人瞩目。美国全国 科学基金会为此进行了一项题为《亚洲新的高 技术竞争对手》的研究,得出的结论是,韩国和台湾最有可能接近日本,虽然与之相比仍然相差很远。研究报告还指出,该地区的另外两个新兴工业化经济实体新加坡和香港的“技术基础在某种程度上要窄一些”。报告对中国和印度的评价优劣参半。 亚洲国家和地区提高技术水平的方法有一些相似之处,增加研究与开发的经费,吸引侨居海外的工程师和科学家回国,提高教育水平并鼓励外国直接投资。 韩国的计划也许是最具雄心的战略,它打算大大减少对外国(尤其是对它的前殖民国日本)的技术上的依赖,靠自己的力量成为世界强国。韩国从1962年到1992年间总共花了近7O亿美元利用8000多项外国技术,其中有半数是日本技术。 尽管如此,韩国人仍然抱怨他们的邻国常常不让他们分享最新技术。因此,韩国人进行了大笔投资,提高自己自力更生的程度。从1991到1993年,韩国的研究
The technological progress in Asia has attracted worldwide attention. A study by the National Science Foundation called “Asia’s new high-tech rival” concluded that Korea and Taiwan are most likely to approach Japan, albeit still far behind. The study also pointed out that Singapore and Hong Kong, the other two newly industrialized economies in the region, are “technologically based to some degree narrower.” The report compares the advantages and disadvantages of China and India. There are similarities in the ways in which Asian countries and regions improve their technological level by increasing funding for research and development, attracting expatriate engineers and scientists to return, raising their education levels and encouraging foreign direct investment. South Korea’s plan may be the most ambitious strategy, with the intention of drastically reducing its technical dependence on foreign countries, especially its pre-colonial Japan, and by its own will to become a world power. From 1962 to 1992, South Korea spent a total of nearly 7,000 million U.S. dollars on more than 8,000 foreign technologies, half of which are Japanese technologies. Nonetheless, Koreans still complain that their neighbors often do not allow them to share the latest technology. As a result, Koreans have invested heavily in improving their degree of self-reliance. From 1991 to 1993, the study of South Korea