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目的统计北京市怀柔区应届高中毕业生色觉异常的患病率。方法采用人民卫生出版社出版的俞自萍绘著的第五版《色盲检查图》,对2007年、2008年参加高考体检的应届高中毕业生进行色觉常规检查。结果 7117人中,检出色觉异常172人(2.42%),全部为先天性红绿色觉异常。其中,红绿色盲(Ⅰ级)109人,红色盲(Ⅱ级)15人,绿色盲(Ⅱ级)7人,红色弱(Ⅲ级)16人,绿色弱(Ⅲ级)10人,极轻型红绿色弱(Ⅳ级)15人。男性3389人中,检出色觉异常166人(4.9%),女性3278人中,检出色觉异常6人(0.32%)。红色盲多于绿色盲,色盲患病率高于色弱患病率,男性色觉异常多于女性。结论色盲作为一种眼部遗传病,直接影响到患病青年的升学、就业及心理健康,值得关注。
Objective To survey the prevalence of abnormal color vision in the recent high school graduates in Huairou District, Beijing. Methods The fifth edition of “color blindness examination chart” painted by Yu Zi-ping published by People’s Health Publishing House was used to examine the color vision of senior high school graduates who took part in college entrance examination in 2007 and 2008. Results 7117 people, detected abnormal color vision 172 people (2.42%), all of congenital red-green vision abnormalities. Among them, 109 were red-green blind (grade Ⅰ), 15 were red blind (grade Ⅱ), 7 were green blind (grade Ⅱ), 16 were weak red Red-green weak (Ⅳ level) 15 people. Among 3389 males, 166 (4.9%) had abnormal color vision, and 6 (0.32%) had abnormal color vision among 3278 females. Red blind more than green blind, the prevalence of color blindness is higher than the prevalence of color weakness, abnormal color vision in men than women. Conclusions Color blindness, as an ocular genetic disease, has a direct impact on the education, employment and mental health of the sick youth, which deserves our attention.