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研究来自中国不同地区和日本的27株杏鲍菇栽培菌株的遗传多样性,以期为杏鲍菇的鉴定和选育提供分子依据。利用SRAP和ITS标记联合使用的方法,通过聚类分析对供试杏鲍菇菌株进行研究。筛选出9对SRAP引物共扩增出151条条带,其中具有多态性条带130条,平均多态性比例为83.3%,多态性信息含量(PIC)变幅在0.27~0.42,平均为0.36。通过ITS序列对供试菌株进行亲缘关系分析,与SRAP分析的结果一致,均表明地域来源相近的部分菌株聚在一起,亲缘关系较近,而地域相隔较远的部分菌株也聚为一类,其亲缘关系也很近。2种标记均显示供试杏鲍菇栽培菌株的遗传多样性较为丰富,其遗传相似性与地理分布存在一定的联系。SRAP和ITS联合使用能够得到更好的效果,从而为杏鲍菇遗传多样性研究提供更为有力的参考。
The genetic diversity of 27 strains of Pleurotus eryngii cultivated in different regions of China and Japan was studied in order to provide the molecular basis for the identification and breeding of Pleurotus eryngii. By using the combination of SRAP and ITS markers, the strain of Pleurotus eryngii was studied by cluster analysis. Ninety-seven pairs of SRAP primers were screened out for a total of 151 bands, of which 130 bands were polymorphic with an average of 83.3% polymorphisms and a PIC ranged from 0.27 to 0.42, with an average of Is 0.36. The ITS sequences were used to analyze the genetic relationship of the tested strains, which was consistent with the results of SRAP analysis. All of the results showed that some strains with similar geographical origin clustered together and the genetic relationship was close, while some strains with distant geographical regions clustered together. The kinship is also very close. The two markers showed that the genetic diversity of the cultivated strains of Pleurotus eryngii was rich, and the genetic similarity was related to the geographical distribution. The combination of SRAP and ITS can get better results, so as to provide a more powerful reference for the genetic diversity of Pleurotus eryngii.