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改革开放以来,尤其是小平南巡以后的20年,中国经济突飞猛进,中国人民生活水平持续提高,中国的经济发展速度超过了世界上任何一个国家,这不但是世界各国都承认并羡慕的,也是每一位中国人都切切实实感受到的。然而,为何在这种情况下,对改革开放的异议声不断?相当数量民众的幸福感反而有所降低?社会焦虑有增无减,移民浪潮后浪推前浪?群众包含党内相当一部分人对中国所选择的道路忧心忡忡,缺乏自信呢?笔者认为,其中最大的一个原因就是社会不公与贫富差距,而隐藏在“贫富差距”与“社会不公”背后的始作俑者,却是腐败。特权、权力寻租与贪污腐败是贫富差距的最大甚至是唯一的原因。中国并不是贫富差距最大的国家,甚至相比中国的香港地区,中国大陆的贫富差距也相对较小,更何况中国的贫富差距主要表现在城乡差距,有其地理、人口与历史的客观原因。然而,由于贪污腐败与权力寻租日益普遍并常态化,并扩大了利益集团与普通民众之间的鸿沟,使得民众越来越坚信,特权、权力寻租与贪污腐败是贫富差距的最大甚至是唯一的原因。从长远来讲,中国今后出现任何经济问题,都有可能相当一部分民众转移到对贪污腐败的不满与愤怒上来,这是对和谐社会的最大的潜在威胁。如果我们回头看,各地发生的越来越多的小规模的突发事件,绝大多数是由腐败权利与利益集团的“贪婪”所引发的。仅仅由此一项,我们几乎就可以得出结论:维稳的关键在于遏制贪污腐败的蔓延,防止腐败对老百姓的侵害。当贪污腐败被有效地遏制,中国的老百姓也才能理性地看待历史与现实造成的贫富差距。
Since the reform and opening up, especially in the 20 years after Xiaoping’s southern tour, China’s economy has been advancing by leaps and bounds. The living standards of the Chinese people have continued to rise. China’s economic growth has surpassed that of any other country in the world. This not only has been recognized and envied by all countries in the world, Every Chinese people really feel it. However, why is the objection to reform and opening up continuously under such circumstances? The happiness of a large number of people has been somewhat reduced? The social anxiety continues unabated and the waves of immigration push the waves? The masses include quite a few people in the party who are opposed to China I choose to worry about the road, lack of confidence? The author believes that one of the biggest reasons is the social inequality and the gap between rich and poor, but hidden in the “wealth gap” and “social injustice” behind the initiator, but it is corruption . Privileges, rent-seeking and corruption are the biggest and sometimes the only causes of the gap between rich and poor. China is not the country with the widest gap between the rich and the poor. Even in comparison with Hong Kong, China, the gap between rich and poor in China is relatively small. What is more, China’s gap between rich and poor mainly lies in the gap between urban and rural areas, with its geographical, population and historical Objective reasons. However, as corruption and the rent-seeking of power are increasingly widespread and normalized, and the gap between interest groups and the general public is widened, people are more and more convinced that privileges, power rent-seeking and corruption are the biggest gaps between rich and poor. Is the only reason. In the long run, any economic problem that China will face in the future may shift a considerable part of its population to resentment and anger at corruption, which is the greatest potential threat to a harmonious society. If we look back, the overwhelming majority of the small-scale incidents that occur across the country are triggered by the “greed” of corrupt rights and interest groups. From this alone, we can almost conclude that the key to maintaining stability lies in curbing the spread of corruption and preventing corruption from infringing on ordinary people. When corruption is effectively contained, ordinary people in China can rationally view the gap between the rich and the poor caused by history and reality.