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在遮雨条件下采用称量法控制土壤水分,利用逐步干旱胁迫和复水条件,连续观测二倍体、四倍体和六倍体3种倍性小麦后的光合速率、蒸腾速率、单叶水分利用效率等的变化。结果表明,不同倍性小麦的光合速率都下降,下降速度为二倍体>四倍体>六倍体;水分胁迫对二倍体的蒸腾速率影响最大,对六倍体的蒸腾速率影响最小;水分胁迫对六倍体小麦的气孔导度影响小于四倍体和二倍体;水分胁迫结束后,3种倍性小麦品种的光合速率和蒸腾速率均能迅速恢复,以六倍体的气孔导度的恢复速率最快。水分胁迫下不同倍性小麦的水分利用效率均下降,以六倍体小麦下降程度最小,复水后3种倍性小麦均能快速恢复到几乎相同的水准。在相同的水分条件下,随着光强的增强,3种倍性小麦光反应动力曲线变化趋势相似,在400～1 200μmol/(m2.s)范围内,二倍体和六倍体小麦二者均显著高于四倍体。
The soil moisture was controlled by the weighed method under the conditions of rain and the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, single leaf (leaf area) and leaf area of three kinds of ploidy of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid were observed continuously under the conditions of progressive drought stress and rehydration. Water use efficiency and other changes. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of different ploidy decreased, the rate of decline was diploid> tetraploid> hexaploid. Water stress had the greatest effect on the diploid transpiration rate, but had the least effect on the hexaploid transpiration rate. Water stress had less effect on stomatal conductance of hexaploid wheat than tetraploids and diploids. After the water stress, the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of three ploidy cultivars could recover rapidly, and the hexaploid stomatal conductance Degree of the fastest recovery rate. Under different water stress, the water use efficiency of different ploidy wheat decreased to the lowest degree of hexaploid wheat, and all three ploidy wheat quickly recovered to almost the same level after rewatering. Under the same moisture condition, with the increase of light intensity, the dynamics curves of photoproduction of three kinds of ploidy wheat showed the similar trend. In the range of 400-1 200 μmol / (m2.s), the diploid and hexaploid wheat two Were significantly higher than tetraploid.