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当前许多苹果幼树密植园,多以株行距2×3m或2×4m长方形方式栽植,由于头几年多按疏散分层形结构培养,仍然采用低定干、多短截、重“轰条”、多留枝的传统观点和手法整形修剪,以致出现长枝多、短枝少、成花难、结果少,质量差的现象,造成树冠内膛郁闭、树冠交接封行,从而影响树体通风透光。个别管理差的果园甚至出现“满树棍棒向夭长、什么树形也不象”的局面。为此必须下决心对株行距2×3—4m,5年生以前的幼树园片进行树形改造,将原来的疏散分层形改造成自由纺锤形。主要采取以下措施:
At present, many young apple tree planting plantations are mostly planted with 2 × 3m or 2 × 4m rectangular rows. Due to the multi-layered structure of evacuated in the first few years, low- “, Leaving more than the traditional viewpoints and tricks shaping pruning, resulting in long branches, short branches, difficult to flower, the result is less, the phenomenon of poor quality, resulting in crown canopy closed, canopy crown closure, thus affecting the tree Ventilation Some poorly managed orchards even appear ”full of sticks to the ground, what tree does not like" situation. To this end, we must make up our mind to transform tree saplings of 2 × 3-4m and 5-year-old trees into rows and transform the original evacuation layered model into a free spindle shape. Mainly take the following measures: