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为了优选稠油油藏出砂冷采生产压差,研究油水产量和出砂量变化关系,研制了装岩心砂粒的填砂管,可以模拟出砂过程中地层压力对岩心结构破坏。设计了稠油出砂冷采实验装置及实验步骤,在恒压条件下驱替油水进入岩心,模拟完全产油和油水同产时的油水与出砂量及产水率的变化。实验结果表明,出砂主要发生在完全产油和产水的初始阶段,完全产油时携带出自由砂,产水时携带出骨架砂,继续驱替产出的砂量大大减少;该实验优选的埕北油田压力梯度为8.3～33.3MPa/m,虽现场很难达到,但稠油可以在近井地带和窜流通道中逐步启动;恒压驱替和改变压力驱替,产水率均随着驱替的进行不断增加,而产油量不断下降,进入的水在地层压力下破坏了岩心结构,油水相渗透率大大下降,因此,要尽量控制水侵。
In order to optimize the pressure difference of sand production in heavy oil reservoirs, the relationship between oil production and sand production was studied. Sand filled sand cores were developed to simulate the damage of the core structure caused by formation pressure during sand production. The experimental equipment and experimental steps of heavy oil sand production and cold mining are designed. Under the condition of constant pressure, oil and water are displaced into the core to simulate the change of oil and water production, sand production and water production rate when the oil is produced completely. The experimental results show that sand production takes place mainly in the initial stage of complete oil production and water production. When the oil is completely produced, the sand is carried by the sand. When the sand is produced, the sand is carried and the amount of sand produced by the continued displacement is greatly reduced. , The pressure gradient of Tiebian oilfield is 8.3 ~ 33.3MPa / m, which is difficult to reach in the field. However, heavy oil can be started gradually in the near wellbore and channeling channel. With constant pressure displacement and changing pressure displacement, Flooding continues to increase while oil production continues to decline. The incoming water destroys the core structure under formation pressure and the oil-water phase permeability drops drastically. Therefore, water intrusion should be minimized.