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近年来,我们开展了沿黄背河洼盐碱地坑塘种藕的技术研究,667平方米产藕1000—1400公斤。现将栽培技术总结如下。 一、藕塘的水位控制 1.栽莲藕时,坑塘水分不宜过多,一般保持在5—10厘米,裁后不浇水,待3—5天后,泥面出现龟裂才浇少量水,这样可促使种藕、莲茁与泥土密结而不致漂浮。据观察,藕塘初期0.8米左右水深与0.2米水深相比,莲藕晚出钱叶(从种藕顶芽最早产生的叶,形小柄细,浮于水面,称为“钱叶”,又叫“荷钱”)7—10天。 2.早期浇水,一次不能过多,否则土温骤降,使幼苗生长减慢,甚至淹死。应随立叶、浮叶的生长,逐渐提高水位。 3.夏季气温高,且多东南风,莲藕生长速度快,蒸发量极大,容易失水,需根据具体情况适时加水。加水时,所加水温应与塘内水温大体一致,否则会影响藕的发育。 4.秋末冬初,莲藕已停止生长,不必经常浇水,以免导致藕腐烂,但藕塘必须有少量水分。出藕时也要保持藕塘湿润,主藕出塘后,要加少量水,以利于藕休眠期的水分需要及来年春天发芽。
In recent years, we have carried out the technical research on the species of lotus root in the saline lake pit of Huangbeihe, with a production area of 1000-1400 kg of 667 square meters. Now cultivation techniques are summarized below. First, the lotus pond water level control 1. When planting lotus root, the pit pond water should not be too much, generally maintained at 5-10 cm, after the cut is not watering, to be 3-5 days, the mud surface cracks before pouring a small amount of water, This will promote the kind of lotus root, lotus and soil without condensation caused by floating. It is observed that the initial lotus root 0.8 m depth and 0.2 m water depth, late lotus leaf lotus leaves (from the kind of lotus root bud the earliest leaves, small stems thin, floating on the water, known as the “money leaves”, also known as “Money”) 7-10 days. 2. Early watering, one can not be too much, or soil temperature plummeted, so that seedling growth slowed down, or even drowned. Should stand leaves, floating leaf growth, and gradually raise the water level. 3. Summer high temperature, and more southeast wind, lotus root growth speed, evaporation is very large, easy to dehydration, according to the specific circumstances of the timely addition of water. Add water, the water temperature should be generally consistent with the water temperature inside the pond, otherwise it will affect the lotus root development. 4. Early autumn and winter, lotus root has stopped growing, do not often watering, so as not to cause lotus root decay, but the lotus pond must have a small amount of water. Out of lotus root lotus root should also keep moist, the main lotus out of the pond, to add a small amount of water, in order to facilitate the lotus root dormancy water needs and germination next spring.