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目的:分析定量CT对中国不同地区≥40岁人群脂肪肝的检出率。方法:选取2015—2017年的一项大样本、多中心前瞻性城乡流行病调查（PURE研究）的≥40岁社区招募者共3 139名，来自全国6个地区的8所医院，所有研究对象均接受定量CT检查并测量肝脏脂肪含量，分析脂肪肝的检出率及其在不同年龄及性别人群中的分布特点。结果:在全部3 139名研究对象中检出1 418例（45.17%）脂肪肝患者，其中陕西地区检出率最高，在218名研究对象中检出167例（76.61%）脂肪肝患者，辽宁地区检出率最低，在541名研究对象中检出144例（26.62%）脂肪肝患者。在1 191名男性及1 948名女性研究对象中分别检出620例（52.06%）和798例（40.97%）脂肪肝患者（χ2n =36.716，n P<0.001）。在357名40~49岁、794名50~59岁、1 292名60~69岁及696名≥70岁研究对象中分别检出137例（38.38%）、374例（47.10%）、590例（45.67%）和317例（45.55%）脂肪肝患者。50~59岁、60~69岁及≥70岁年龄段男性和女性脂肪肝检出率差异均有统计学意义（χ2n =13.863、11.497、8.504，均n P<0.05），而40~49岁年龄段男性和女性脂肪肝检出率差异无统计学意义（χ2n =3.188，n P=0.074）。n 结论:定量CT在检测脂肪肝方面具有一定的应用价值。“,”Objective:To investigate the detection rate of fatty liver in multiple regions of China through quantitative CT.Methods:A total of 3 139 recruiters over 40 years old from a large sample, multicenter prospective urban rural epidemiological survey (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology, PURE) in 8 hospitals from 6 regions of China were enrolled. All subjects were examined by quantitative CT and their liver fat contents were measured. The detection rate of fatty liver and its distribution characteristics in different age and gender groups were analyzed.Results:There were 1 418 (45.17%) subjects were detected with fatty liver out of the total 3 139 subjects. The highest detection rate was found in Shanxi Province with 167 subjects (76.61%) detected with fatty liver out of 218 subjects, and the lowest detection rate was found in Liaoning Province with 144 subjects (26.62%) detected with fatty liver out of 541 subjects. There were 620 (52.06%) and 798 (40.97%) subjects detected with fatty liver in 1 191 male and 1 948 female subjects, respectively, and there was significant difference in the detection rate of fatty liver between males and females (χ2=36.716, n P<0.001). There were 137 (38.38%), 374 (47.10%), 590 (45.67%) and 317 (45.55%) subjects detected with fatty liver in 357 aged 40―49 years, 794 aged 50―59 years, 1 292 aged 60―69 years and 696 aged ≥70 years subjects, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of fatty liver between males and females aged 50―59, 60―69 and ≥70 years (χ2=13.863, 11.497, 8.504, alln P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the detection rate of fatty liver between males and females aged 40―49 years (χ2=3.188,n P=0.074).n Conclusion:Quantitative CT has a certain application value in the detection of fatty liver.