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目的了解浙江省麻疹暴发疫情流行病学特征,为探讨针对性的预防控制措施提供参考。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析。结果 2013-2014年浙江省共报告麻疹暴发疫情37起,发病123例。家庭聚集性疫情18起(占48.65%),母子关系的占14起(占37.84%),其中母亲先发病,孩子再发病的有13起(占35.14%);2/3的家庭聚集性疫情中首例病例与第2例病例发病时间间隔超过7天。37起暴发疫情均开展应急接种,共接种13 536人,平均366人,平均接到报告前6天开展应急接种。按照疫情发病人数在≤3例和>3例分组,末例发病到应急接种天数有统计学差异。结论浙江省麻疹暴发疫情主要以家庭聚集性疫情为主,并且多为母传子;每起疫情发病人数不多;疫情报告之前已开展应急接种,处置比较及时。针对浙江省麻疹暴发疫情特点,鼓励开展育龄期妇女和成人含麻疹成分疫苗接种。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles outbreaks in Zhejiang Province and provide reference for the prevention and control measures targeted. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results In 2013-2014, 37 outbreaks of measles were reported in Zhejiang Province. There were 18 cases of familial aggression (48.65%), 14 cases of mother-child relationship (37.84%), of which mothers first developed and children relapsed 13 (35.14%); 2/3 of them In the first case and the second case of onset time more than 7 days. Thirty-seven outbreaks of outbreaks were carried out in an emergency. A total of 13 536 people were vaccinated, with an average of 366 persons. Emergency vaccination was conducted 6 days before the report. In accordance with the number of outbreaks in ≤ 3 cases and> 3 cases, the last case to the emergency vaccination days were statistically different. Conclusion The outbreaks of measles in Zhejiang Province are mainly concentrated in the family aggregation epidemic, and are mostly female mothers; the number of each outbreak is small; emergency vaccination has been carried out before the epidemic situation and the treatment is timely. In response to the outbreak of measles in Zhejiang Province, encourage women and adults of childbearing age with measles vaccination.