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本文对采用真空处理冶炼轴承钢的RH法、VArD法和碱性电炉钢进行了试验研究。结果表明:破坏概率在50％的情况下,采用RH真空处理轴承钢的疲劳寿命是碱性电弧炉钢的1.8倍和1.2倍。采用VArD法真空处理轴承钢的疲劳寿命和电炉钢相近,没有明显提高。经RH法真空处理轴承钢的疲劳寿命之所以得到提高,是因为钢中非金属夹杂物分布弥散,夹杂物为Al和Si氧化物类型组成,并具有硫化物包围氧化物的趋势。而经VArD法真空处理的轴承钢和电炉钢非金属夹杂物分布集中并多为Al和Ca的铝酸钙类型夹杂物组成,而铝酸钙盐所形成的点状夹杂物是降低钢材疲劳寿命的主要原因。钢中非金属夹杂物至工作表面的远近直接影响钢材的疲劳寿命,距工作表面越近其疲劳寿命越低。
In this paper, vacuum treatment of smelting bearing steel by RH method, VArD method and basic electric furnace steel were studied. The results show that the fatigue life of the bearing steels treated with RH vacuum is 1.8 times and 1.2 times that of the basic electric arc furnace steel with 50% failure probability. The VArD method vacuum treatment of bearing steel fatigue life and electric steel is similar, no significant increase. The reason why the fatigue life of bearing steels treated by RH vacuum treatment is improved is that the non-metallic inclusions in steel are dispersed and dispersed, and the inclusions are composed of Al and Si oxide types and have the tendency of sulfide to surround oxides. The VArD vacuum treatment of bearing steel and electric furnace steel non-metallic inclusions concentrated and mostly composed of Al and Ca types of calcium aluminate inclusions, and calcium aluminate salt formed by the point-like inclusions is to reduce the fatigue life of steel The main reason. The non-metallic inclusions in the steel to the work surface directly affect the fatigue life of the steel, the closer to the working surface, the lower its fatigue life.