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本文通过爬梳墓志材料 ,结合历史文献 ,对唐后期河北道北部地区屯田的发展、变化情况进行了探讨。与唐前期相比 ,后期本区军镇的生产性质明显加强 ,出现生产与防御并重的局面。除军镇屯田外 ,本区还存在以民户为劳动者的非军镇屯田——民屯 ,但以军屯为主。后期本区屯田的地理分布 ,北边一线西起文德县的雄武军 ,中经妫、檀、蓟诸州 ,东至平、营二州 ,南至涿州。在此区域内 ,屯田分布的特点是 ,妫、檀、蓟、平、营诸州屯田生产明显高于民间耕地水平 ,幽、涿二州民间农业生产高于屯田。这种地域分布特征的形成有其地理与历史的原因。后期幽州节度使的士兵主要来源于本管州县 ,军镇屯田的劳动者为来自军镇附近的土兵。土兵长期屯田防守 ,在屯田之所有了田地住宅 ,世代定居下来。部分屯田土地转变为土兵的私有土地 ,军镇屯田的土地所有制关系发生了变化。
This paper explores the development and changes of the farmland in the northern part of Hebei province by combing the materials of the epitaphs and combining the historical documents. Compared with the pre-Tang period, the nature of the production of the military towns and towns in the latter part of the region obviously strengthened and the situation of equal emphasis on production and defense emerged. In addition to the military farm Tuntian, there are still civilians in this area as non-military towns Tuntian - Min Tuen, but the main Tuen Mun. In the later period, the geographical distribution of Mita in this area was as follows: From the north of the first line, Xiong Wujun, Wenjing County, Tanzhou, and Jizhou in the west to the west of Pingtung County in the east, Pingzhou and Yingzhou in the east and Danzhou in the south. In this region, the distribution of Tuntian is characterized by the fact that the production of farmland in the fields of Shu, Tan, Thistle, Ping and Yingzhou was significantly higher than that of private cultivated land, and that of the Youzhou and Huizhou prefectures was higher than that of Miantian. The formation of this geographical distribution has its geographical and historical reasons. The latter part of Youzhou Jindu soldiers mainly come from the tube counties and townspeople, Tuntian labor force for the soldiers from the vicinity of the military town. Soldiers Tuen Long long-term defense, all in the field of farmland dwelling, generations to settle down. Some of the land for the Miantian land was converted into private land for the soldier, and the land ownership of the Muantian town of the military town changed.