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目的观察不同强度微波长期辐照对大鼠脾脏淋巴细胞的影响,探讨长期微波辐照对脾脏淋巴细胞的损伤效应及其机制。方法雄性清洁级Wistar大鼠90只,按平均微波辐照功率密度随机均分为0(对照)、2.5、5、10mW/cm2四组(n=25),连续辐照1个月(6min/d,5d/周)。于辐照结束后1、30、60、180d取材,观察大鼠体重、脾脏指数及脾脏T、B淋巴细胞亚群的变化。结果辐照后7~180d各辐照组大鼠体重明显低于对照组。辐照后1d,2.5和5mW/cm2组脾脏系数均显著升高(P<0.05),辐照后30d 5mW/cm2组脾脏系数显著降低(P<0.05),至辐照后60d和180d各辐照组脾脏系数基本恢复到对照组水平。辐照后1、30、60d,各组大鼠脾脏T细胞亚群均无明显改变;辐照后180d,各辐照组大鼠脾脏T细胞亚群明显降低,其中2.5mW/cm2组CD3+T细胞明显减少,5mW/cm2组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞明显减少,10mW/cm2组CD4+和CD8+T细胞明显减少、CD4+/CD8+比值明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。CD45RA+B细胞未见明显改变。结论大鼠经长期低剂量微波辐照后早期脾脏淋巴细胞亚群改变不明显,晚期(辐照后180d)脾脏T淋巴细胞各亚群均显著降低,表现为明显的免疫抑制。
Objective To observe the effects of long-term microwave irradiation of different intensities on the spleen lymphocytes in rats and the effect of long-term microwave irradiation on the spleen lymphocytes and its mechanism. Methods Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 25) at 2.5, 5, and 10 mW / cm2 according to the average microwave power density. d, 5d / week). At 1, 30, 60 and 180 days after irradiation, the changes of body weight, spleen index and T and B lymphocyte subsets of the spleen were observed. Results After irradiation, the body weight of rats in each irradiation group was significantly lower than that of the control group from 7 to 180 days after irradiation. Spleen coefficient of 2.5 and 5 mW / cm2 groups were significantly increased (P <0.05) on day 1 after irradiation. The spleen coefficient of 5 mW / cm2 group was significantly decreased at 30d after irradiation (P <0.05), and reached the peak at 60d and 180d According to the spleen coefficient returned to the control group level. At 1, 30, and 60 days after irradiation, there was no significant change in T lymphocyte subsets in spleen of all the groups. At 180 days after irradiation, the T lymphocyte subsets of spleen in each irradiation group were significantly decreased. Among 2.5mW / cm2 group, CD3 + (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The number of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in 5mW / cm2 group was significantly decreased and the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 + T cells in 10mW / cm2 group was significantly decreased. CD45RA + B cells showed no significant change. Conclusion The changes of splenic lymphocyte subsets in early spleens of mice were not obvious after long-term low-dose microwave irradiation. The splenic T lymphocyte subsets in late stage (180 days after irradiation) were significantly decreased, showing obvious immunosuppression.